Nephrotic Syndrome: is a condition where a patient develops swelling of the legs and face and is found to have severe protein excretion in the urine. Kidney biopsy is required in adults to know the cause of this condition.
Acute Nephritic Syndrome: is a condition commonly affecting children. Usually in this condition, following a sore throat or a skin infection, the child develops red urine (due to blood in the urine), swelling of the face and legs, and increase in blood pressure. It is usually a self-limiting process that clears up by itself in a few days to a few weeks time.
Acute Renal Failure: is a potentially reversible cause of kidney failure. Common causes are dehydration due to loose motion and vomitin , infections, certain drugs, snakebite and blockage to the passage of urine.
Chronic Renal Failure: is irreversible kidney failure. The causes for chronic renal failure are diabetes mellitus (the most common cause), hypertension, long-term usage of painkillers, certain genetic diseases, recurrent urinary tract infections (especially in children), and certain other primary kidney diseases.
