Wilms’ Tumor (Nephroblastoma) in Children – Causes, Symptoms & Diagnosis at NU Hospitals Bangalore

Causes of Wilms’ Tumor (Nephroblastoma) in Children

Wilms tumor is a type of kidney cancer that is seen in children. It affects those between the ages of 3 and 5. It can occur in one or both kidneys and is typically diagnosed before the age of 10. Although the exact cause of Wilms tumor remains unknown, genetic factors are believed to play a significant role.

Symptoms of Wilms Tumor in Children

• A lump or mass in the abdomen
• Abdominal pain or discomfort
• Blood in the urine
• High blood pressure
• Fever
• Fatigue
• Nausea and vomiting

Wilms’ Tumor Treatment at NU Hospitals Bangalore (Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation)

The treatment approach for Wilms tumor depends on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer. It involves:

• Chemotherapy: To destroy cancer cells throughout the body.
• Surgery: To destroy cancer cells throughout the body.
• Radiation therapy: To destroy cancer cells throughout the body.

Staging of Wilms Tumor

• Stage I: Confined to the kidney
• Stage II: Extended beyond the kidney but contained within the abdomen
• Stage III: Spread to lymph nodes or blood vessels outside the abdomen
• Stage IV: Spread to distant organs such as lungs, liver, or bones

How Wilms’ Tumor is Diagnosed (Ultrasound, CT/MRI, Biopsy, Staging)

• Physical examination: To assess for lumps or abnormalities.
• Ultrasound: To visualize the kidneys and surrounding structures.
• CT scan or MRI: To obtain detailed images of the kidneys and abdomen.
• Urine tests: To check for blood or other abnormalities.
• Biopsy: To remove a small tissue sample for laboratory examination and confirm the diagnosis.
• Staging: To identify the extent or the stage of the cancer
• Genetic testing: Some patients may undergo tests to determine genetic irregularity.

Wilms tumor is a treatable form of childhood cancer. If you notice any of the symptoms listed above in your child, consult our expert children’s doctor. For early diagnosis and optimal outcomes, book an appointment with our Hospital.

Frequently asked questions on Wilms' Tumour

Is Wilms Tumor Treatable?

Yes. Wilms' tumor is treatable when detected early. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy

Which doctor to consult for Wilms tumor?

A pediatric urologist or pediatric surgeon is the specialist for treatment of wilms tumour. Dr. Prasanna Venkatesh is a leading pediatric urologist who specializes in  the treatment of Wilms tumour

Will my child need long-term follow-up?

Yes, regular follow up is essential to monitor kidney functions, detect any recurrence and effectively manage long term treatment

Can Wilms' Tumor recur after treatment?

Although it's rare, recurrence can happen. Regular monitoring is important to detect recurrence early.