What is Hematuria?

Causes of Hematuria:

The list of potential causes for hematuria is diverse, ranging from harmless to serious. Here are some common factors:

• Strenuous exercise: Vigorous physical activity can sometimes temporarily lead to microscopic hematuria.
• Bladder overdistension: overdistension of bladder followed by voiding can cause blood in urine. This causes overstretching of the bladder leading to minor tears in the bladder wall and haematuria. Common in children who hold urine for long duration voluntarily.
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs): These bacterial infections commonly cause microscopic hematuria, especially in children and women.
• Kidney stones: Kidney stones can irritate the urinary tract, causing blood in urine.
• Bladder stones: Similar to kidney stones, bladder stones can also cause hematuria.
• Urological cancers: Any cancer of the kidney, ureter or bladder can present as hematuria.
• Enlarged prostate: This condition, common in older men, can put pressure on the urethra due to its growing size leading to blood in urine.
• Certain medications: Blood thinners, aspirin, and other medications can sometimes precipitate hematuria (although they do not trigger hematuria without any antecedent cause).
• Medical conditions: Glomerulonephritis (kidney inflammation), vasculitis (blood vessel inflammation), and some cancers can also cause hematuria.

Symptoms of Hematuria:

While blood in the urine is the primary symptom, hematuria can sometimes be accompanied by other symptoms, depending on the underlying cause. These may include:

• Pain during urination
• Frequent urination
• Fever
• Fatigue
• Difficulty urinating
• Abdominal pain

Diagnostic tests:

If you experience hematuria, seeking medical attention promptly is crucial. Your doctor will conduct a thorough physical examination and ask about your medical history and symptoms. Additional tests may include:

• Urine tests: These analyse the urine for blood cells, cancer cells, bacteria, and other abnormalities.
• Imaging tests: X-rays, ultrasounds, or CT scans may be used to visualise the kidneys and bladder.
• Cystoscopy: A thin tube with a camera is inserted into the bladder to directly examine its lining.

Blood In Urine Treatment options:

The treatment for hematuria depends on the underlying cause. In many cases, the condition resolves on its own with adequate hydration and rest. However, for more serious causes, specific treatments may be necessary:

• Antibiotics: For UTIs
• Pain management: For kidney stones or bladder stones
• Medications: To manage conditions like enlarged prostate or hypertension
• Surgery: In rare cases, surgery may be needed to remove kidney or bladder (in case of cancer) or bladder stones or treat certain cancers

Early Detection is key:

Hematuria can be a warning sign of various health issues. While not always serious, it should never be ignored. Hence, early diagnosis is recommended and proper treatment can prevent complications and ensure optimal health.

At NU Hospitals, including the Bengaluru branch, we have a team of urologists who are dedicated to providing comprehensive care for all your kidney and urinary tract issues. We offer advanced diagnostic tools, skilled surgical expertise, and compassionate aftercare.

For an expert evaluation and personalised treatment plan, contact us and fill in your details and hit the ‘send message’ button