The pillar of strength for every family is a Woman. It is no secret that the essence of caring comes from a woman. However, when it comes to the same woman, to start thinking about her own fitness and seek relevant medical advice, the first suggestion that comes to anybody’s mind is, visiting a good Gynaecologist. Many of you might now wonder that what are we doing here talking about Gynaecology when the topic to be understood is Urogynaecology! It will be interesting to begin by knowing the difference between these two terminologies that will help us to understand the problembetter.
All about Urogynaecology
- An overactive bladder leading to frequent visits to the washroom and leakage before reaching the toilet.
- Leakage of urine on daily activities like coughing, sneezing and exercises.
- Losing control over the bladder and feeling a need to urinate (when you otherwise actually wouldn’t want to) with repeated wetting of undergarments.
- Recurrent or Chronic Urinary Tract Infection
- Chronic constipation and bowel problems
- Feeling a bit of pressure, pain in the pelvis
- Feeling a sense of fullness, heaviness, pricking or pulling in the vagina, which increases by the end of the day
- Pain during intercourse, decreased sexual desire
- Stress and Urge Urinary Incontinence
- Pelvic Organ Prolapse
- Genitourinary Fistula
- Vulvodynia and Pelvic Pain
- Obstetric and Sphincter injuries (OASIS)
- Urogynaecology Procedures
- Stress Incontinence Stress incontinence is a condition that results in leakage of urine when the abdominal pressure is higher than the Sphincter pressure (Sphincter is a muscle that closes the bladder outlet). It can happen due to common physical activity like coughing, sneezing or laughing or either during jumping or walking too. Pelvic floor muscle exercises are the initial and most effective ways to treat stress urinary incontinence. Your doctors might also recommend a stress incontinence surgery, depending upon the severity of incontinence. Studies have also indicated that the success rate for stress continence surgeries is as high as 90%.
- Urge Incontinence This is a condition which occurs due to an overactive bladder that leads to an uncontrollable need to void urine. You leak urine before you decide and reach the toilet. Reducing the consumption of irritants like alcohol, tea or coffee can also play a major role in controlling urge incontinence.

- Cystocele ( Prolapse of Bladder into the Vagina)
- Rectocele (Rectum Prolapse)
- Uterine Prolapse
- Urethrocele ( Prolapse of the Urethra)
- Vaginal Vault Prolapse ( Prolapse of the Vagina)




- Surgery for Uterovaginal Prolapse: Laparoscopic or open sacrocolpopexy, Vaginal Hysterectomy, Fothergill’s Operation, Cystocele (bladder prolapse) repair, Rectocele (Rectum prolapse) repair, Uterosacral ligament fixation.
- Surgery for vaginal vault prolapse (Post Hysterectomy): Uterosacral ligament fixation, sacrospinous fixation, McCall’s Culdoplasty.
- Surgery for Stress Urinary Incontinence: Tension free Vaginal tape (TOT and TVT), Autologous fascial slings, Urethral Injections.
- Surgery for Urge Incontinence and Voiding dysfunction:Botulinum toxin Injections to urethra and bladder, Botulinum Injection to the tender points in the pelvic floor, Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty.
- Surgery for Genitourinary fistulas: Transabdominal and Transvaginal repairs, Martius flap interposition, O’Connor VVF repair.
- Surgery for OASIS: Anal sphincter reconstruction, OASIS repairs.